Method of transferring software and patient data in an mri wireless patient monitor system

ABSTRACT

A patient monitoring system detects physiological signals from a patient during an MRI examination. The patient monitoring system wirelessly transmits data associated with the physiological signals to a remote base unit. The wireless transmission of data is carried out in a manner to not be disruptive to the MRI examination. Data can be uploaded to or downloaded from the patient monitoring system and remote base unit using a magnet-friendly electronic storage device, such as a flash memory drive.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application 60/799,884, filed May 12, 2006, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates generally to electronic patient monitors and, in particular, to downloading data from or uploading data to a wireless patient monitor or a base unit in a magnet-friendly manner.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows images to be created of soft tissue from faint electrical resonance (NMR) signals emitted by nuclei of the tissue. The resonance signals are generated when the tissue is subjected to a strong magnetic field and excited by a radiofrequency pulse.

The quality of the MRI image is in part dependent on the quality of the magnetic field, which must be strong and extremely homogenous. Ferromagnetic materials are normally excluded from the MRI environment to prevent unwanted magnetic forces on these materials and distortion of the homogenous field by these materials.

A patient undergoing an MRI “scan” may be received into a relatively narrow bore, or cavity, in the MRI magnet. During this time, the patient may be remotely monitored to determine, for example, heartbeat, respiration, temperature, and blood oxygen. A typical remote monitoring system provides “in-bore” sensors on the patient connected by electrical or optical cables to a monitoring unit outside of the bore.

At times, it may be desirable to take physiological data collected during the MRI procedure and provide it to other points within the hospital or to enroll it in the hospital's data system. Large amounts of data are often transmitted wirelessly or through a dedicated local area network; however, the shielded room which holds the MRI system blocks standard radiofrequency transmission outside of that room. It is undesirable to introduce high-speed data cables into the shielded MRI room because the cables can serve as antennas introducing or allowing the escape of unwanted radio frequency signals. The high magnetic field of the MRI magnet makes use of standard magnetic media, such as tapes or magnetic disks, impractical or unreliable.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present inventors have recognized that standard “memory sticks” using flash memory can be made to be highly immune to strong magnetic fields and RF fields to provide a reliable method for transferring data in an MRI environment. In this regard, in embodiment, the present invention provides a memory interface on a monitor or base unit intended for use in the MRI environment to provide a high capacity data transfer device that is largely immune to high magnetic fields and RF fields. The data transfer device is designed to portable and may be used for the transference of physiological information acquired during an MRI scan. In addition, the data transfer device may be used to upload software to the monitor or base unit. A data interlock procedure ensures proper identification of the source of the data.

Therefore, in accordance with one aspect, the present disclosure is directed to a base unit and memory device. The base unit wirelessly receives physiological data from a patient monitor that acquires physiological signals from a patient during an MRI examination. The base unit has an internal memory and an externally accessible data port that is linked to the internal memory. The memory device is magnet-resistant and portable. Further, the memory device is connectable to the data port for data transference to and from the internal memory of the base unit. Also, the memory device is capable of maintaining data storage when positioned proximate an MRI machine.

According to another aspect, the present invention includes a method for providing data to or receiving data from a base unit operable with an MRI machine that wirelessly receives physiological information associated with physiological signals of a patient during an MRI examination from a wireless patient monitor. The base station is contained within a shielded MRI suite also containing the MRI machine that performs the MRI examination. A portable, magnet-friendly memory device may be connected to a data port of the base unit and data transferred between the internal memory and the memory device in a data transmission path formed between the base unit and the memory device.

In accordance with yet another aspect, the present disclosure includes a method for providing data to or receiving data from a patient monitor operable with an MRI machine. The patient monitor wirelessly transmits physiological information associated with physiological signals acquired from a patient during an MRI examination to a remote base unit. The patient monitor is contained within a shielded MRI suite also containing the MRI machine that performs the MRI examination. The method includes connecting the memory device, which is portable and magnet-friendly, to a data port of the patient monitor and transferring data between the internal memory and the memory device in a data transmission path formed between the patient monitor and the memory device.

Various other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will be made apparent from the following detailed description and the drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The drawings illustrate one preferred embodiment presently contemplated for carrying out the invention.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a wireless patient monitor, such as may be used in an MRI machine, adjacent to the patient to communicate with a base station positioned in the MRI suite outside of the magnet bore;

FIG. 2 is a fragmentary detail of a side panel of the base station showing two USB ports allowing the connection of a flash memory for uploading or downloading data and or software, the flash memory including an LCD display;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principal components of the base station showing memory-holding patient information and firmware; and

FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing the principal steps of preparing the flash memory for downloading of data.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

Referring now to FIG. 1, the present invention may be used with a wireless patient monitor 10 that may collect physiological signals from a patient (not shown) undergoing an MRI scan. The physiological signals, which may include, for example, heartbeat, respiration, temperature, and blood oxygen, is collected through transducers 12 and transmitted by means of an antenna 14 to a remote base station 16.

Typically, the wireless patient monitor 10 will be in or near the bore of the magnet of the MRI machine (not shown) and subject to extremely high magnetic fields, switching magnetic gradients, and radio frequency signals. The base station 16 will normally be positioned outside the bore in a lower strength magnetic field. Both the wireless patient monitor 10 and the base station 16 are contained within a shielded MRI suite 20, the latter essentially blocking the transmission of radio signals or high-speed data into or out of the room by conventional means.

Referring now to FIG. 2, the present invention provides an electronic memory device, such as a flash memory drive 22, having a self-contained interface circuitry and an electrical connector 26 that may connect to a compatible port 24 in the base station 16 to receive data from the remote base station 16 related to the data collected from the wireless patient monitor 10. The electrical connector 26 fits within the port 24 to provide a radio frequency shield around the data transmission path between the base station 16 and the flash memory drive 22. The flash memory drive 22 may optionally be connected to patient monitor 10 via connector 26 for the purpose of uploading and downloading of data, software, and firmware. In one embodiment, the connection of the flash memory drive with the base unit is via a USB interface. In one embodiment, the data port 24 is a USB port and connector 26 is a USB connector. It is recognized that other types of connections may be used, including, for example, IEEE 1394 connections, such as Firewire®. Firewire is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.

The flash memory drive 22 may optionally include on its upper surface an LCD display 28. Flash memory drives with LCD displays of this type are commercially available from Memorex Products, Inc. of Cerritos, Calif. under the trade name Travel Drive ID and include a USB 2.0 flash drive with a built-in LCD and one gigabyte of memory storage.

Referring now to FIG. 3, the remote base station 16 may include a processor 36 communicating with internal memory 38 holding, for example, an operating firmware 40 and one or more patient record data sets 42. During a commissioning process of the wireless patient monitor 10, the wireless patient monitor 10 may be associated with a particular patient record data set 42 each identified by a unique identification item patient identification information 41 linked to the record and held within the remote base station 16. A commissioning process suitable for this purpose is described in pending U.S. application Ser. No. 10/066,549 filed Feb. 5, 2002. After commissioning, physiological data is collected from the wireless patient monitor 10, as moderated by the processor 36, through a receiver/transmitter 44 connected to an antenna 46. In addition, the physiological data collected by wireless patient monitor 10, can be directly uploaded to the flash memory connected via a port connected to the wireless patient monitor 10.

Referring now to FIG. 4, upon receiving a request to download patient data of records 42 collected by the wireless patient monitor 10, the remote base station 16 executes a stored program using the internal processor 36 communicating with the ports 24 to identify a particular physiological data set associated with the record 42 being downloaded. The correct patient record is confirmed by displaying the patient identification information 41 associated with that patient record 42 per process block 30.

Per process block 32, a download instruction may then be received from a user providing for downloading of the data of the record 42 and the patient identification information 41, the latter which is displayed on the LCD display 28. Upon completion of this downloading, as indicated by process block 34, instructions may be received allowing the removal of the memory drive 22. The patient identification information 41 ensures that each memory drive 22 and its data are clearly and uniquely identified to the particular physiological data set. Confusion of patient records on data is thus minimized. The record identification information 41 is also stored in a header file within the memory drive 22 that must be aligned with the records to which the data will be merged when it is loaded into the hospital record system.

The memory drive 22, when connected to a port 24, may download physiological data 42 as indicated, but may also include updated operating firmware 40 that may be used to patch or replace operating firmware/software 40 to allow upgrading of the remote base station 16 without the connection of the remote base station 16, to the Internet or to magnetic media, which might be destroyed by the strong polarizing field of the MRI machine. The memory drive provides for the storage of data as trapped electrostatic charges that are immune from strong magnetic fields and incorporate only small amounts of ferromagnetic material that, outside of immediate proximity to the MRI machine, are immune from strong force generation.

Additionally, the base unit may also communicate with another device that produces the physiological data, such as a remote monitor or display unit, similar to that described in U.S. Ser. No. ______, filed on ______, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein. The wireless patient sensor 10 may also include a magnet-friendly audio system, similar to that described in U.S. Ser. No. ______, filed on ______, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein. The wireless patient sensor may also be powered by a magnet-friendly battery, similar to that described in U.S. Ser. No. ______, filed on ______, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein.

It is specifically intended that the present invention not be limited to the embodiments and illustrations contained herein and the claims should be understood to include modified forms of those embodiments including portions of the embodiments and combinations of elements of different embodiments as come within the scope of the following claims. 

1. In combination: a base unit or remote monitor that wirelessly receives physiological data from a patient monitor that acquires physiological signals from a patient during an MRI examination, the base unit or remote monitor having an internal memory and an externally accessible USB data port; a magnet-resistant, portable solid-state memory device having an USB electrical connector for interfacing with the USB data port to form a transmission path for data transference to and from the internal memory of the base unit or remote monitor, the memory device capable maintaining data storage when positioned proximate an MRI machine.
 2. The combination of claim 1 wherein the memory device is a flash memory drive.
 3. The combination of claim 2 wherein the flash memory drive has an LCD display.
 4. The combination of claim 1 wherein the memory device has self-contained USB interface circuitry.
 5. The combination of claim 1 wherein the USB electrical connector provides RF shielding for the transmission path.
 6. The combination of claim 1 wherein the memory device is substantially free of ferromagnetic material.
 7. The combination of claim 1 wherein the base unit wirelessly transmits physiological data to a remote monitor.
 8. A method comprising: accessing a data port of a device that wirelessly receives physiological information associated with physiological signals of a patient during an MRI examination from a wireless patient monitor, the device having an internal memory and being contained within a shielded MRI suite also containing an MRI machine that performs the MRI examination; connecting a portable, magnet-friendly memory device to the data port; and transferring data between the internal memory and the memory device, wherein the device is one of a base station and a remote monitor.
 9. The method of claim 8 wherein the transferring data includes uploading software or firmware updates from the memory device to the internal memory.
 10. The method of claim 8 wherein the transferring data includes downloading physiological data to the memory device and automatically labeling the physiological data with patient identification information.
 11. The method of claim 10 further comprising displaying the patient identification information on a LCD.
 12. The method of claim 8 wherein the memory device has a connector that provides RF shielding and wherein the connecting includes securing the connector to the data port in a manner to provide an RF shield for a data transmission path between the memory device and the device.
 13. The method of claim 8 wherein the memory device is a USB 2.0 memory drive.
 14. The method of claim 8 wherein the transferring includes identifying a particular physiological data set associated with a patient record to be downloaded, confirming the patient record, and downloading the physiological data set to the memory device.
 15. The method of claim 14 wherein the memory device includes an LCD display and wherein the confirming includes visual inspection of the LCD display.
 16. The method of claim 8 wherein the device provides an indication that the data has been transferred.
 17. A method comprising: accessing a data port of a patient monitor that wirelessly transmits physiological information associated with physiological signals acquired from a patient during an MRI examination, the patient monitor having an internal memory and being contained within a shielded MRI suite also containing an MRI machine that performs the MRI examination; connecting a portable, magnet-friendly memory device to the data port; and transferring data between the internal memory and the memory device.
 18. The method of claim 17 wherein the transferring data includes uploading software or firmware updates from the memory device to the internal memory.
 19. The method of claim 17 wherein the memory device has a connector that provides RF shielding and wherein the connecting includes securing the connector to the data port in a manner to provide an RF shield for a data transmission path between the memory device and the patient monitor.
 20. The method of claim 17 wherein the memory device is a USB memory drive.
 21. The method of claim 20 wherein the USB memory drive is a USB 1.0 or 2.0 memory drive. 